Concepts Definitions

• Discrimination in Housing: Unequal treatment of individuals in housing-related activities (sale, rental, financing) based on protected characteristics.
• Fair Housing Act (Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968): A federal law that prohibits discrimination in the sale, rental, and financing of residential real estate based on race, color, religion, national origin, sex, disability, and familial status.
• Civil Rights Act of 1866: A federal law guaranteeing all citizens the right to purchase, lease, sell, convey, and inherit property, regardless of race and color.
• Shelley v. Kraemer (1948): A landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision that ruled courts could not enforce racially restrictive covenants on real estate properties.
• Protected Classes: Groups of people legally safeguarded from discrimination, including those based on race, color, religion, national origin, sex, familial status, and disability.
• Redlining: An illegal practice where lenders refuse to make loans in certain neighborhoods due to concerns about the racial or ethnic composition, without considering individual creditworthiness.

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