Explanations

When a property is sold and the existing loan includes an alienation clause (also known as a due-on-sale clause), the lender has the right to demand full repayment of the loan if the property’s title is transferred to a new buyer.

In a tight money market, interest rates are typically high, and lending standards are stricter, making it more challenging and expensive to obtain new loans. However, the presence of an alienation clause fundamentally changes the situation:

For the sale to proceed, the existing loan must be paid off. If the buyer does not have enough cash to pay the full purchase price, they will be forced to secure new financing (Option D), even if the terms are less favorable due to the tight money market. This becomes the most probable path to completing the transaction.

The lender, in a tight money market, is motivated to have the existing (likely lower-rate) loan paid off so they can issue a new loan at current, higher interest rates.

Therefore, the lender will almost certainly enforce the alienation clause, preventing the buyer from simply assuming the old loan (Option A) or taking title “subject to” the loan (Option C) without triggering a default.

The seller is also unlikely to refinance at a higher rate before the sale (Option B) unless absolutely necessary, as it would increase their costs.

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